WHAT IS A HYPOTHESIS?
There are many different explanations of a hypothesis; essentially it is a tentative explanation about observation or facts. One way of looking at the hypothesis is as an answer to the problem statement. Frequently when one begins research and has framed the problem statement, you already have an idea regarding what the potential solution may be. This idea is basically a hypothesis. Along with the problem statement, the hypothesis will help provide you with a direction to work to as well as parameters to the scope of your research.
A hypothesis:
- Must be testable. Generally it will test the relationship between variables. The testing must be replicable by others.
- May include a prediction about what you think is the answer to the problem statement.
- Is usually based on prior observation.
- Is not a theory or a law.
- Does not have to be right. In fact if it is proved wrong this can lead to further research ideas.
- Is not a guess, but is sometimes described as an ‘educated guess’.
- Must be able to be proven wrong.
Definitions
- Hypothesis: a tentative explanation about phenomena.
- Theory: tries to explain phenomena. Theories may be refuted if evidence is found to the contrary.
- Law: does not explain phenomena, but does describe them. Is based on observations and no evidence has been found to refute the law.
Creating a Good Hypothesis is the Foundation for Learning New Things
Scientists start their journey toward new discoveries by formulating a hypothesis. The birth of any hypothesis demands a mind that can think outside of the box (laterally), seeing possibilities that have not been properly considered by others, but are also likely to be true. Proving a hypothesis can take a great deal more effort than formulating one; but if the hypothesis is constructed intelligently, the work that follows can be far more focused, effective and less wasteful of resources.
The final outcome of any study will be to prove a hypothesis as being either correct or incorrect. Disproving a hypothesis may on the surface appear to be a failure; but in reality, disproving it adds to knowledge every bit as much as proving it.
